ampicillin
ENGLISH
Synonyms
Approved Treatment Indication:
Escherichia coli Infections, Human Bites, Bacterial Skin Diseases, Bacillary Dysentery, Bacterial Endocarditis, Infectious Pregnancy Complications, Bacterial Meningitis, Gonorrhea, Surgical Wound Infection, Pneumococcal Infections, Haemophilus Infections, Actinomycosis, Staphylococcal Infections, Urinary Tract Infections, Respiratory Tract Infections, Klebsiella Infections, Soft Tissue Infections, Listeriosis, Salmonella Infections, Meningococcal Infections
Summary
What conditions Ampicillin is used for
Ampicillin is used to treat bacterial infections, which are illnesses caused by harmful bacteria. It is effective against respiratory tract infections, which affect the lungs and airways, urinary tract infections, which affect the bladder and kidneys, and gastrointestinal infections, which affect the stomach and intestines.
How Ampicillin works in the body
Ampicillin works by stopping the growth of bacteria, which are tiny organisms that can cause infections. It interferes with the bacteria's cell wall formation, which is a protective barrier they need to survive, causing them to die and helping to clear the infection.
The usual dosages and routes of administration of Ampicillin
Ampicillin is usually taken by mouth in capsule form. Adults typically take 250 to 500 mg every 6 hours, which means four times a day. For children, the dose is based on their weight. Always follow your doctor's specific instructions for the best results.
The most commonly observed adverse effects of Ampicillin
Common side effects of Ampicillin include nausea, which is a feeling of sickness in the stomach, vomiting, which is the act of throwing up, and diarrhea, which is loose or watery stools. These effects are usually mild and temporary.
Important safety warnings and contraindications of Ampicillin
Do not take Ampicillin if you are allergic to it or other penicillin antibiotics, which are a group of drugs used to treat infections. Serious allergic reactions, which can cause rash or difficulty breathing, require immediate medical help. Consult your doctor if you have kidney problems, as dose adjustments may be needed.
Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
YES
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Penicillin-class Antibacterial
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Indications and Purpose
What is Ampicillin?
Ampicillin is an antibiotic in the penicillin class. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria, which helps treat infections. Ampicillin is used to treat various bacterial infections, including respiratory, urinary, and gastrointestinal infections. It's often used alone but can be combined with other antibiotics for more severe infections.How does Ampicillin work?
Ampicillin works by interfering with the bacteria's cell wall formation, which is essential for their survival. Think of it like breaking down a protective barrier, causing the bacteria to die. This action helps treat infections by stopping the growth of bacteria. Ampicillin is effective against a wide range of bacterial infections.Is Ampicillin effective?
Ampicillin is effective in treating a variety of bacterial infections, such as respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and gastrointestinal infections. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. Clinical studies and medical use have shown Ampicillin to be effective in treating these conditions when used as prescribed.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of Ampicillin?
The usual dose of Ampicillin for adults is 250 to 500 mg every 6 hours, depending on the infection being treated. For children, the dose is based on their weight. Your doctor will adjust the dose if needed, especially for severe infections or in special populations like the elderly. Always follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions for your health needs.How do I take Ampicillin?
Take Ampicillin as prescribed by your doctor. It's usually taken every 6 hours, which means four times a day. You can take it with or without food, but taking it with food might help if it upsets your stomach. Swallow the capsules whole; do not crush or chew them. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Don't take two doses at once.For how long do I take Ampicillin?
Ampicillin is usually taken for a short-term period to treat acute infections. The duration depends on the type and severity of the infection. Your doctor will provide specific instructions on how long to take it. Always complete the full course as prescribed, even if you feel better, to ensure the infection is fully treated.How long does it take for Ampicillin to start working?
Ampicillin starts working within a few hours of taking it. You may notice improvement in symptoms, like reduced fever or pain, within a day or two. However, it may take several days to achieve full therapeutic effects. Factors like the type of infection and your overall health can affect how quickly you see results. Always take Ampicillin as prescribed for the best outcome.How should I store Ampicillin?
Store Ampicillin capsules at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep them in a tightly closed container. Don't store them in the bathroom, where humidity can affect the medication. Always keep Ampicillin out of reach of children to prevent accidental ingestion. Check the expiration date regularly and dispose of expired medication properly.How do I dispose of Ampicillin?
Dispose of unused Ampicillin by taking it to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. If that's not possible, mix the medication with something undesirable, like used coffee grounds, seal it in a plastic bag, and throw it away in the trash. This helps prevent harm to people and the environment.
Warnings and Precautions
Who should avoid taking Ampicillin?
Don't take Ampicillin if you're allergic to it or other penicillin antibiotics. Serious allergic reactions, which cause rash, hives, or difficulty breathing, require immediate medical help. Ampicillin should be used with caution in people with kidney problems, as dose adjustments may be needed. Always consult your doctor about these concerns.Can I take Ampicillin with other prescription drugs?
Ampicillin can interact with certain medications, such as allopurinol, which may increase the risk of skin rash. It may also reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives. Always inform your doctor about all medications you're taking to avoid potential interactions. Your doctor can adjust your treatment plan to ensure safety and effectiveness.Can Ampicillin be taken safely while pregnant?
Ampicillin is generally considered safe during pregnancy, but it's important to use it only when clearly needed. Your doctor will weigh the benefits against any potential risks. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, discuss the use of Ampicillin with your doctor to ensure it's the best option for you.Can Ampicillin be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Ampicillin is considered safe to use while breastfeeding. It passes into breast milk in small amounts but is unlikely to harm a nursing infant. If you notice any unusual symptoms in your baby, like diarrhea or rash, contact your doctor. Always discuss medication use with your doctor while breastfeeding.Is Ampicillin safe for the elderly?
Ampicillin is generally safe for the elderly, but they may be more sensitive to its effects. Older adults are at higher risk for side effects like kidney problems or allergic reactions. Dose adjustments may be needed based on kidney function. Regular monitoring by a doctor is important to ensure safe use.Is it safe to exercise while taking Ampicillin?
You can exercise while taking Ampicillin, but listen to your body. If you feel tired or unwell, take it easy. Ampicillin can cause mild side effects like dizziness or stomach upset, which might affect your exercise routine. Stay hydrated and avoid strenuous activities if you experience any symptoms. Consult your doctor if you have concerns.Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Ampicillin?
It's best to avoid alcohol while taking Ampicillin. Alcohol can increase the risk of side effects like stomach upset and dizziness. It may also reduce the effectiveness of the medication. If you choose to drink, do so in moderation and watch for any adverse reactions. Discuss alcohol use with your doctor for personalized advice.What are the most common side effects of Ampicillin?
Side effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common side effects of Ampicillin include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. These occur in a small percentage of people and are usually mild. If you experience these symptoms, they might be temporary or unrelated to the medication. Talk with your doctor if you have concerns.Does Ampicillin have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common adverse effects of Ampicillin include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. These effects are usually mild. Serious adverse effects, like severe allergic reactions, are rare but require immediate medical attention. If you notice any new or worsening symptoms while taking Ampicillin, contact your doctor.Is Ampicillin addictive?
Ampicillin is not addictive or habit-forming. This medication doesn't cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking it. Ampicillin works by killing bacteria and doesn't affect brain chemistry in ways that could lead to addiction. You won't experience cravings for this medication or feel compelled to take more than prescribed.Does Ampicillin have any safety warnings?
Ampicillin has important safety warnings. It can cause allergic reactions, which may be severe. If you experience rash, itching, or difficulty breathing, seek medical help immediately. Ampicillin may also cause diarrhea, which could indicate a new infection. If you have severe diarrhea, contact your doctor. Not following these warnings can lead to serious health issues.Is it safe to stop Ampicillin?
It's important to complete the full course of Ampicillin as prescribed, even if you feel better. Stopping early can lead to the infection returning or becoming resistant to antibiotics. If you have concerns about continuing Ampicillin, talk with your doctor. They can advise you on the best course of action.