Prostatic Neoplasms, Premature Menopause, Menorrhagia, Postmenopausal Osteoporosis, Pregnancy, Breast Neoplasms, Hypogonadism, Hot Flashes, Primary Ovarian Insufficiency
Ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel are primarily used as birth control to prevent pregnancy. They also help regulate menstrual cycles, reduce menstrual cramps, and manage symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome, which is a hormonal disorder causing enlarged ovaries with small cysts. Together, they provide effective contraception and can alleviate menstrual-related symptoms.
Ethinyl estradiol, a synthetic estrogen, regulates the menstrual cycle and prevents ovulation, which is the release of an egg from the ovary. Norgestrel, a synthetic progestin, also prevents ovulation and thickens cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to reach an egg. Together, they stop ovulation and create a barrier to fertilization, providing effective contraception.
The usual adult dose is one tablet taken orally at the same time each day. Ethinyl estradiol is typically 0.03 mg, and norgestrel is 0.3 mg per tablet. Consistent daily intake is crucial to maintain hormone levels and ensure effectiveness. The medication is taken in a 28-day cycle, with 21 active pills and 7 inactive pills.
Common side effects include nausea, headaches, and breast tenderness. Ethinyl estradiol may cause changes in menstrual flow, while norgestrel can lead to mood changes. Serious side effects, though rare, include an increased risk of blood clots, which can lead to conditions like deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism.
Ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel increase the risk of blood clots, especially in smokers and women over 35. They are contraindicated in individuals with a history of blood clots, certain cancers, or liver disease. These medications should not be used during pregnancy. Users should monitor for symptoms like leg pain or shortness of breath, indicating serious side effects.
US(FDA)
NO
NO
Estrogen
NO