hydrochlorothiazide + valsartan
Synonyms
Approved Treatment Indication:
Hypertension, Left Ventricular Dysfunction, Cardiovascular Diseases, Edema, Diabetic Nephropathies, Heart Failure, Nephrotic Syndrome
Summary
What conditions hydrochlorothiazide and valsartan is used for
Hydrochlorothiazide and valsartan are used to treat high blood pressure, which is also known as hypertension. By lowering blood pressure, they help reduce the risk of complications such as heart attack, stroke, and kidney problems. Hydrochlorothiazide may also be used to treat fluid retention, which is known as edema, associated with conditions like heart failure. Both medicines work together to provide a comprehensive approach to managing cardiovascular health.
How hydrochlorothiazide and valsartan works in the body
Hydrochlorothiazide works by helping the kidneys remove excess salt and water from the body, which reduces fluid buildup and lowers blood pressure. Valsartan works by blocking a substance called angiotensin II, which causes blood vessels to tighten. By blocking this substance, valsartan helps relax and widen blood vessels, further lowering blood pressure. Together, they provide a more comprehensive approach to managing high blood pressure by addressing both fluid retention and blood vessel constriction.
The usual dosages and routes of administration of hydrochlorothiazide and valsartan
The usual adult dose of hydrochlorothiazide ranges from 12.5 mg to 50 mg per day, depending on the condition being treated. Valsartan is typically prescribed in doses ranging from 80 mg to 320 mg per day. When combined, the specific dose will depend on the individual's health needs and response to treatment. It's important to follow the healthcare provider's instructions and not adjust the dose without consulting them. Regular monitoring helps ensure the correct dosage is maintained.
The most commonly observed adverse effects of hydrochlorothiazide and valsartan
Common side effects of hydrochlorothiazide include increased urination, dizziness, and electrolyte imbalances, which refer to changes in the levels of minerals in the blood. Valsartan may cause dizziness, fatigue, and headache. Both medicines can lead to low blood pressure, which is a significant adverse effect. Rarely, valsartan can cause kidney problems, while hydrochlorothiazide may lead to gout, which is a type of arthritis caused by excess uric acid. Monitoring is essential to manage these side effects effectively.
Important safety warnings and contraindications of hydrochlorothiazide and valsartan
Hydrochlorothiazide is generally not recommended during pregnancy as it can affect the fluid balance in the body. Valsartan is contraindicated during pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters, as it can harm the developing fetus. Both medicines can lead to complications if used during pregnancy, so alternative treatments are usually recommended. It's crucial for pregnant women to consult their healthcare provider before using these medications to ensure the safety of both mother and baby.
Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
NO
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Indications and Purpose
How does combination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan work?
The combination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan is used to treat high blood pressure. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic, often called a 'water pill,' which helps your body get rid of extra salt and water by increasing urine production. This helps to lower blood pressure and reduce swelling. Valsartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) that relaxes blood vessels by blocking the action of certain natural substances that tighten them. Together, these medications help to lower blood pressure more effectively than either would alone, reducing the risk of heart attacks and strokes.How does combination of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide work?
Valsartan works by blocking the angiotensin II receptor, which prevents blood vessels from narrowing, thereby lowering blood pressure and improving blood flow. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that helps the kidneys remove excess salt and water from the body, reducing fluid buildup and further lowering blood pressure. Together, these medications provide a dual mechanism of action that effectively manages hypertension by reducing vascular resistance and fluid volume in the body.How effective is combination of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide?
Clinical trials have demonstrated that Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide effectively lower blood pressure, with significant reductions in both systolic and diastolic measurements. Valsartan, as an angiotensin II receptor blocker, has been shown to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, while Hydrochlorothiazide, a diuretic, enhances this effect by reducing fluid volume. The combination provides a synergistic effect, offering greater blood pressure control than either medication alone. This efficacy is supported by studies showing improved outcomes in patients with hypertension, particularly those at higher cardiovascular risk.How effective is combination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan?
The combination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan is effective in treating high blood pressure (hypertension). Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic, which helps the body get rid of excess salt and water by increasing urine production. This helps to lower blood pressure. Valsartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) that relaxes blood vessels, allowing blood to flow more easily. Together, these medications work to lower blood pressure more effectively than either drug alone, reducing the risk of heart attacks and strokes. According to the NHS and NLM, this combination is generally well-tolerated and effective for many patients, but it is important to follow a healthcare provider's guidance for use.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of combination of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide?
The usual starting dose for the combination of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide is 160/12.5 mg once daily. Valsartan alone is typically dosed at 80 to 320 mg per day, depending on the patient's needs and response. Hydrochlorothiazide is usually dosed at 12.5 to 25 mg per day. The combination allows for a synergistic effect, where Valsartan blocks the effects of angiotensin II, reducing blood pressure, while Hydrochlorothiazide helps eliminate excess fluid, further aiding in blood pressure reduction. Dosage adjustments are made based on the patient's response and tolerance.What is the usual dose of combination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan?
The usual dose of the combination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan can vary depending on the specific needs of the patient, but it typically starts at 80 mg of Valsartan and 12.5 mg of Hydrochlorothiazide once daily. The dose may be adjusted by a healthcare provider based on the patient's response to the medication. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic, which helps the body get rid of excess salt and water, while Valsartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker that helps relax blood vessels, making it easier for the heart to pump blood.How does one take combination of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide?
Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide can be taken with or without food, according to patient preference. It is important to take the medication at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood levels. Patients should avoid using salt substitutes containing potassium without consulting their healthcare provider, as these can interact with the medication. Staying hydrated and avoiding excessive alcohol consumption is also recommended to prevent dehydration and potential side effects.How does one take combination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan?
Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan are medications used together to treat high blood pressure. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic, which helps your body get rid of extra salt and water, while Valsartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker that helps relax blood vessels. To take this combination, follow your doctor's instructions carefully. Typically, it is taken once a day, with or without food. It's important to take it at the same time each day to maintain an even level of medication in your body. Swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water. Do not stop taking the medication suddenly without consulting your doctor, as this can cause your blood pressure to rise. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, but skip it if it's almost time for your next dose. Never take two doses at once to make up for a missed one. Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice and to ensure this medication is safe for you, especially if you have other health conditions or are taking other medications.For how long is combination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan taken?
The combination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan is typically taken as a long-term treatment for managing high blood pressure. The duration of treatment can vary depending on individual health needs and how well the medication is controlling blood pressure. It's important to follow your healthcare provider's instructions and not to stop taking the medication without consulting them, as high blood pressure often requires ongoing management.For how long is combination of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide taken?
Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide are typically used as long-term treatments for managing high blood pressure. The duration of use depends on the individual's response to the medication and their overall health condition. Patients often continue taking these medications indefinitely to maintain blood pressure control and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. Regular monitoring by a healthcare provider is essential to ensure the medication remains effective and to adjust the dosage if necessary.How long does it take for combination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan to work?
The combination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan typically begins to work within a few hours after taking the medication. However, it may take several weeks to experience the full benefits in terms of lowering blood pressure. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic, which helps the body get rid of excess salt and water, while Valsartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker that helps relax blood vessels. Together, they help reduce blood pressure more effectively than either drug alone.How long does it take for combination of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide to work?
Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide work together to lower blood pressure. Valsartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, typically begins to lower blood pressure within 2 hours, with peak effects around 4-6 hours after taking a dose. Hydrochlorothiazide, a diuretic, starts working within 2 hours, with its peak effect occurring around 4 hours. When combined, the antihypertensive effects of these medications are generally observed within 2 weeks, with maximum effects seen after 4 weeks of consistent use. This combination provides a more comprehensive approach to managing hypertension by addressing different mechanisms in the body.
Warnings and Precautions
Are there harms and risks from taking combination of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide?
Common side effects of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide include dizziness, headache, and fatigue. Hydrochlorothiazide may cause increased urination, electrolyte imbalances such as low potassium, and increased blood sugar levels. Valsartan can cause elevated potassium levels and, in rare cases, angioedema, which is swelling under the skin. Both medications can lead to hypotension, especially in patients who are volume-depleted. Monitoring by a healthcare provider is important to manage these potential side effects effectively.Are there harms and risks from taking combination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan?
Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan are medications often used together to treat high blood pressure. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic, which helps the body get rid of excess salt and water, while Valsartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker that helps relax blood vessels.
Combining these medications can be effective, but there are potential risks and side effects:
1. Dehydration and Electrolyte Imbalance: Hydrochlorothiazide can cause the body to lose too much water and essential minerals like potassium, leading to dehydration and an imbalance in electrolytes.
2. Kidney Function: Both drugs can affect kidney function, especially in people with pre-existing kidney issues.
3. Low Blood Pressure: The combination can sometimes lower blood pressure too much, causing dizziness or fainting.
4. Allergic Reactions: Some people may experience allergic reactions, which can include rash, itching, or more severe symptoms.
5. Other Side Effects: Common side effects may include headache, fatigue, and dizziness.
It's important to use these medications under the guidance of a healthcare provider, who can monitor for side effects and adjust dosages as necessary.Can I take combination of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide with other prescription drugs?
Significant drug interactions with Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide include those with NSAIDs, which can reduce the antihypertensive effect and worsen kidney function. Lithium levels can increase, leading to toxicity. Combining with other blood pressure medications, such as ACE inhibitors or aliskiren, can increase the risk of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and renal impairment. Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications they are taking to avoid adverse interactions.Can I take combination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan with other prescription drugs?
Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan are medications often used together to manage high blood pressure. However, combining them with other prescription drugs can sometimes lead to interactions. It's important to consult with a healthcare provider before taking them with other medications.
Certain drugs, like other blood pressure medications, potassium supplements, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can interact with Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan. These interactions might increase the risk of side effects or reduce the effectiveness of the treatment.
Always inform your doctor about all the medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, to ensure safe and effective treatment.Can I take combination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan if I am pregnant?
It is generally not recommended to take a combination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan during pregnancy. Valsartan, which is an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), can harm the developing fetus, especially in the second and third trimesters. Hydrochlorothiazide, a diuretic, may also pose risks during pregnancy. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider for safer alternatives if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.
Can I take combination of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide if I am pregnant?
Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide are not recommended during pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters, due to the risk of fetal harm, including kidney damage and developmental issues. These medications can lead to oligohydramnios, a condition where there is too little amniotic fluid, which can affect fetal development. Women of childbearing age should use effective contraception while taking these medications and consult their healthcare provider if they become pregnant.Can I take combination of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide while breastfeeding?
There is limited information on the safety of Valsartan during breastfeeding, and Hydrochlorothiazide is known to be excreted in breast milk. Due to the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed infants, it is generally recommended that women do not breastfeed while taking this combination. Alternative treatments with a better-established safety profile during lactation should be considered, especially for newborns or preterm infants.Can I take combination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan while breastfeeding?
When it comes to breastfeeding, Hydrochlorothiazide is generally considered safe in low doses, but it is important to monitor the baby for any signs of dehydration or jaundice. Valsartan, on the other hand, has limited information available regarding its safety during breastfeeding. Due to the lack of data, it might be better to use an alternative medication, especially when nursing a newborn or preterm infant.
It is crucial to consult with a healthcare provider to weigh the benefits and risks before taking these medications while breastfeeding.Who should avoid taking combination of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide?
Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide are contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment, anuria, and hypersensitivity to sulfonamide-derived drugs. They should not be used during pregnancy due to the risk of fetal harm. Caution is advised in patients with electrolyte imbalances, liver disease, or those taking other medications that affect blood pressure or potassium levels. Regular monitoring of blood pressure, kidney function, and electrolytes is essential to ensure safe use.Who should avoid taking combination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan?
People who should avoid taking the combination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan include those who are allergic to either of these medications or any of their ingredients. Additionally, individuals with severe kidney or liver problems, those who are unable to urinate, and pregnant women should avoid this combination. It's also important for people with low blood pressure, electrolyte imbalances, or certain heart conditions to consult their doctor before using these medications. Always consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice.