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Metronidazole is used to treat infections caused by bacteria and parasites, which are tiny organisms that can cause disease. It is often prescribed for conditions like bacterial vaginosis, which is an infection of the vagina, and certain types of stomach and intestinal infections. Ofloxacin is an antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including those of the urinary tract, which is the system that makes and carries urine, and respiratory tract, which includes parts of the body involved in breathing.
Metronidazole works by entering the cells of microorganisms and disrupting their DNA, which is the genetic material, leading to their death. It is particularly effective against anaerobic bacteria, which are bacteria that do not need oxygen to grow, and certain parasites. Ofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, which means it works by inhibiting the bacteria's DNA gyrase, which is an enzyme necessary for DNA replication, effectively stopping the growth of bacteria.
The usual adult daily dose for Metronidazole is typically 500 mg taken two to three times a day, usually for a duration of 7 to 10 days. It should be taken with food to reduce stomach upset. Ofloxacin is usually prescribed at a dose of 200 mg to 400 mg taken twice a day, often for 7 to 14 days, depending on the infection. It can be taken with or without food, but not with dairy products alone.
Metronidazole can cause side effects like nausea, a metallic taste in the mouth, and diarrhea. Some people might experience headaches or dizziness. A significant adverse effect is peripheral neuropathy, which refers to nerve damage that causes tingling or numbness in the hands and feet. Ofloxacin may cause nausea, diarrhea, and dizziness as well. It can also lead to insomnia, which means trouble sleeping. A serious adverse effect is tendon rupture, which is a tear in the tissue connecting muscle to bone.
Metronidazole should not be taken with alcohol as it can cause severe reactions like nausea and vomiting. It is also important to avoid using Metronidazole if you have a history of blood disorders, which are conditions affecting the blood. Ofloxacin should be used with caution in people with a history of tendon disorders, which are conditions affecting the tendons, as it can increase the risk of tendon rupture. Both drugs should be used with caution in people with liver or kidney problems, which are conditions affecting these organs.
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
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